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What are the limitations of relying on such resources for achieving true formal equivalence? How do different machine translation (MT) systems approach the task of achieving formal equivalence?
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what is formal equivalence in translation Informational
- How does the loss or alteration of discourse markers in a formally equivalent translation affect the overall coherence and flow of the text? How does formal equivalence relate to the translation of politeness markers and address terms that vary significantly across cultures and languages?
- How do translators often resort to functional equivalence or adaptation when dealing with such cases? How does formal equivalence relate to the translation of poetry, where form (e.g., meter, rhyme, stanza structure) is often as important as content?
- What are the potential consequences of inaccuracies in formally equivalent translations of political discourse?
- Synchronization requirements often necessitate compromises in formal equivalence in dubbing. How does the concept of "fidelity" in translation relate to formal equivalence?
- In legal and contractual documents, accuracy and equivalence of meaning are paramount. How important is maintaining a close formal correspondence in these types of texts, and are there any potential risks in deviating too much from the original wording? Legal precision often necessitates a higher degree of formal equivalence. How does the concept of "equivalence at word level, above word level, grammatical level, textual level, pragmatic level" (as described by Mona Baker) relate to formal equivalence?
- Legal translators often need specialized knowledge of both legal systems and their citation practices. How does formal equivalence relate to the translation of academic degrees, titles, and professional certifications that may not have direct counterparts or recognized equivalents in other educational or professional systems?
- What are the cognitive demands on interpreters who attempt to maintain formal equivalence?
- Can formal equivalence be applied to all levels of linguistic analysis (e.g., phonological, morphological, syntactic)?
- What are the challenges of maintaining both the semantic content and the formal elements of a poem in translation?
- When a word or phrase is directly taken from one language into another (often with or without minor phonetic or orthographic adjustments), is this considered a form of formal equivalence?
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