What are the challenges of achieving formal equivalence when the meaning and function of certain linguistic features are uncertain or have evolved over time?

This applies to informal bidding, such as a small works roster, as well as formal competitive bids. ... MRSC website content is for informational purposes ... Asia. edit. Further information: Chinese translation theory · Buddhist ... "Formal equivalence" (sought via "literal" translation) attempts to render ... Built on the concept of equivalence, text typology views the text, rather ... Firstly, for the text of informative text type, translator needs to transmit ... A largely informative translation may, on the other hand, be designed ... translation which attempts to reproduce a formal equivalence. Such a formal ... This namespace specification is for a formal namespace. 1.1 Public Identifiers Any string which consists only of the public identifier characters (defined by ... Formal Languages and Computability. 3 Hours. Finite Automata and regular ... text mining and information extraction. Current research and applications ... Nov 9, 2015 ... Theoretical Basis of Dynamic Equivalence: Translation ... With the development of linguistics and information technology, transformational rules ... The information here may be outdated and links may no longer function. ... A formal written accusation originating with a prosecutor and issued by a ... Aug 23, 2010 ... In other words, one might think that the information states of dynamic ... equivalent translation for (1) and (2). The upshot is that if we ... Sep 17, 2019 ... ... translations: formal equivalence, dynamic equivalence, mixed translation, and paraphrase. ... Great information about translation. Keep ...