What are the potential obstetric complications for women who have undergone FGM?

Jan 22, 2025 ... What are the physical effects of FGM on girls? · bladder and urinary tract infections · cysts · infertility · greater risk of complications when ... Oct 8, 2018 ... FGM involves partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or other injury to the female genital organs that cause anatomical changes for non- ... Female genital mutilation increases the risks of immediate and long-term psychological, obstetric, genitourinary and sexual and reproductive health ... FGM is mostly carried out on young girls between infancy and age 15. Procedures can cause severe bleeding and problems urinating, as well as cysts, infections, ... 'Female genital mutilation' – also known as 'FGM' – refers to procedures that intentionally alter or cause injury to the female genital organs for non-medical ... Apr 5, 2017 ... Female circumcision, also known as female genital mutilation (FGM) or female genital cutting. (FGC), is practiced in many countries spanning. Jul 15, 2024 ... In 2015, the adoption of the Women's (Amendment) Act, which criminalizes and sets out punishments for performing, aiding and abetting the ... Feb 6, 2019 ... Female genital mutilation, or FGM for short, is the deliberate cutting or removal of a female's external genitalia. Female genital mutilation (FGM) comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia. Jun 16, 2010 ... The World Health Organization (WHO) defines FGM as all procedures involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia or injury to the female ...