How does group decision-making affect the likelihood of arbitrary outcomes? Can group dynamics lead to more or less arbitrary decisions?

adjective subject to individual will or judgment without restriction; contingent solely upon one's discretion: an arbitrary decision. Path traversal is also known as directory traversal. These vulnerabilities enable an attacker to read arbitrary files on the server that is running an ... Feb 17, 2017 ... (58) In other words, if there is no reliable way for a person to exert control over the power that is interfering in their choices then this ... What counts as arbitrary power? Civic republicans argue that an account of political liberty or freedom as consisting in the absence of domination best cap-. Gray shows why zoning abolition is a necessary—if not sufficient—condition for building more affordable, vibrant, equitable, and sustainable cities ... Jan 12, 2024 ... The SEC's 10% trade size assumption will penalize large and moderately sized funds that have more concentrated portfolios by creating a distorted view of these ... The APA establishes two standards of review for courts assessing the actions of administrative agencies: arbitrary-or-capricious and substantial evidence. The ... An arbitrary stimulus class consists of stimuli that are not inherently related or similar but have been arbitrarily grouped together based on their ... Aug 26, 2022 ... Arbitrary Code Execution: Arbitrary code execution (ACE) is caused by software or hardware errors. Hackers can detect this issue and use it to ... Legally irrelevant factors such as race, geography, and the quality of counsel disproportionately determine who is sentenced to death.