What are the different models proposed for the origin of mantle plumes?

2. How does magma get to the Earth's crust to create a hotspot volcano? · Magma travels to Earth's surface through an upward tunnel from deep within Earth. Volcanoes grow above hotspots. A hotspot is a zone of melting above a mantle plume. · Hotspot volcanoes are better able to penetrate oceanic crust than ... Oct 24, 2012 ... Changes in pressure can be transmitted to both volcanoes." The Hawaiian Islands are hotspot volcanoes, formed as the Pacific plate moves ... A frequently-used hypothesis suggests that hotspots form over exceptionally hot regions in the mantle, which is the hot, flowing layer of the Earth beneath the ... Hotspots are places where the magma rises up through the crust. They are caused by a static source of magma, often away from plate margins. As the plate moves ... This lies at a fixed position under the Tectonic Plate. As the plate moves over this “hot spot”, the upwelling lava creates a steady succession of new volcanoes ... Auckland's volcanoes are powered by a 'hot spot' deep beneath the surface. The hot spot is a zone of magma fed by a plume of hot rock rising up out of the ... A 30 foot slice of volcano looks like most other rocky terrain. Unless it ... hotspot, volcanoes would form. They would build enormous shield-shaped ... May 25, 2017 ... Abstract. Mantle plumes are buoyant upwellings of hot rock that transport heat from Earth's core to its surface, generating anomalous regions of ... Sep 5, 2013 ... Scientists at UC Berkeley have detected previously unknown channels of slow-moving seismic waves in Earth's upper mantle, a discovery that helps ...