How does our understanding of causation relate to free will and determinism? What are the network science causes of system vulnerabilities?

Jul 25, 2024 ... Causes of Harmful Algal Blooms · nutrient loading (both nitrogen and phosphorus, including organic forms); · light availability; · water ... Researchers think it's a combination of age, genetic and environmental factors that cause the dopamine-producing nerve cells to die. Two conditions must coexist to cause platypnea-orthodeoxia: an anatomical component in the form of an interatrial communication and a functional component that ... Jun 5, 2020 ... If you have high blood pressure, or hypertension, your heart has to work harder. This extra work your heart is doing can cause the heart to ... What causes prostate enlargement isn't entirely clear. It might be linked to changes in the balance of sex hormones as men age.1 There is also some research ... In LGS, the brain is affected at a critical time in its development. Learning problems and seizures result. There are many causes of seizures that can evolve ... Aug 7, 2024 ... The top global causes of death, in order of total number of lives lost, are associated with two broad topics: cardiovascular (ischaemic heart disease, stroke) ... Apr 30, 2024 ... What causes lupus? Scientists aren't sure what exactly causes lupus. But most believe it's a combination of genes, hormones, and environment. What causes chronic kidney disease (CKD)? · Type 1 and type 2 diabetes (type 2 diabetes is the commonest single cause of CKD) · Genetic kidney disease passed ... Changes in land-water storage (e.g., water stored behind dams or withdrawn from underground aquifers, changes in global precipitation patterns and torrential ...