Pipeline Safety Regulations

Research and Information Needs for Management of Tar Sands Development. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/19520. Import ... Seventy-one out of Europe's 95 refineries are now capable of processing heavy and/or pre-processed crude from tar sands, and have been mapped for the first time ... Dec 31, 2015 ... Tar sands extraction emits up to three times more global warming pollution than does producing the same quantity of conventional crude. It also ... Oct 25, 2018 ... Canadian tar sands oil producers are losing money on every barrel of oil they dig out. Despite signs earlier this year the industry would “turn profitable in ... Dec 18, 2013 ... Tar sands also impact water supplies. For every gallon of gasoline produced by tar sands, about 5.9 gallons of freshwater are consumed during ... Dec 11, 2020 ... What would have been a 2,100-acre tar sands lease in the Uinta Basin near Vernal, Utah is now paused indefinitely. The move came following ... It takes approximately two tons of tar sands along with another two tones of overburden (containing soil, sand, clay and rock) to yield one barrel of oil. Tar sands consist of heavy crude oil mixed with sand, clay and bitumen. Extraction entails burning natural gas to generate enough heat and steam to melt the oil ... Nov 24, 2010 ... Tar sands need solid science ... As Canada exploits its oil sands ever faster, David Schindler calls for industry-independent environmental ... The tar sands—or oil sands, as the industry refers to them—are a semi-solid form of oil (also called bitumen) mixed with sand and silt. Their extraction has ...