Under what density-dependent conditions might cooperative behaviors be favored by natural selection?

Populations of lionfish, and other species with logistic growth, are limited by negative density-dependent factors. These factors reduce a population's growth ... Nestling mass was not a factor in survival in the immediate post-fledging period, suggesting that density-dependent processes act indepen- dently on this stage. Understanding how multiple extrinsic (density-independent) factors and intrinsic (density-dependent) mechanisms influence population dynamics has become ... The density-independent factors are known as limiting factors in the population ecology. Earthquakes, fires, floods, and tornados are the factors of the density ... Our work indicates that biotic factors play an important role in shaping species' trailing edges and more detailed examination of non-climatic factors is ... Mar 2, 2016 ... Density dependent factors are factors where the effects on the size or growth of a population vary with the density of the population itself. Density-dependent factors are environmental variables that influence population growth in relation to the population density. These factors typically become ... For example, the mode of pathogen transmission might be one important factor (see Fenton et al. 2002 and references therein). The form of density dependence is ... As population density increases the amount of deer food in the area declines; this decline in food affects deer body condition. Body condition serves as a ... Oct 27, 2013 ... Besides temperature, we found that rainfall was a further important factor only in the warmer area (Trento province). Abundant rainfall during ...