



how does the unpaired electron in a free radical affect its valency and reactivity? can the valency of an element be zero in a particular compound or state?
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what is the valency of an element
- how does valency relate to the formation of pi bonds in molecules? what is the role of sigma and pi bonds in determining the overall valency and shape of a molecule?
- what are some advanced topics in chemistry where the concept of valency is fundamental? how is valency used in computational chemistry and molecular modeling?
- can the valency of an atom be influenced by its neighboring atoms in a molecule?
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- how are oxidation numbers used to name chemical compounds? how are oxidation numbers used to identify redox reactions?
- how does valency relate to the properties of polymers? what are monomers and how do they link based on the valency of their constituent atoms?
- what are Huckel's rule and how does it relate to the bonding and apparent valency in aromatic rings? how does valency relate to the properties of fullerenes and nanotubes?
- what are some examples of hypervalent compounds?
- how do fertilizers and pesticides interact with soil and plants based on the valency of their constituent elements? how does valency play a role in the uptake of nutrients by plants from the soil?
- how does bond order relate to valency? what are resonance structures and how do they relate to valency?
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