How does affirmative action relate to theories of justice?

... means giving up other diversions and giving up attitudes that doing academic work is “acting white.” This will win few friends and fewer votes. Second, on Fullinwider's definition, the site of affirmative action is limited to “areas of em- ployment, education, and culture from which women and minorities ... Interpretation. 3. (1) In this Act, unless the contrary intention appears-. "affirmative action program", in relation to a relevant employer, means. Affirmative Action refers to proactive measures taken by organisations or governments to ensure equal opportunity for historically marginalised groups. It aims ... What is affirmative action? Affirmative action is a general term for a policy that encourages organizations to increase their representation of historically ... In 1965, President Johnson issued Executive Order 11246 requiring federal contractors to take affirmative action to ensure equality of employment opportunity ... Clear affirmative action means someone must take deliberate and specific action to opt in or agree to the processing, even if this is not expressed as an opt-in ... affirmative action ... ​the practice or policy of making sure that a particular number of jobs, etc. are given to people from groups that are often treated ... Affirmative action program means a positive program designed to ensure that a good-faith effort will be made to employ applicants and to treat employees ... The weaker justification for affirmative action is that it is a permissible, not obligatory, means of accomplishing an impor- tant social end. Even the weak ...