What are the ethical responsibilities of architects and engineers working with historic rubble masonry?

We present an instance segmentation algorithm based on a 3D point cloud with reflected intensity information to identify individual stones in rubble masonry ... Depending on the arrangement, size, and shape of the stones used, there are several types of stone masonry, including rubble masonry, ashlar masonry, and ... Jul 24, 2023 ... Rubble masonry is the type of stone masonry in which either undressed or hammer dressed stones are used. The result has been a tendency to adopt the easiest solutions when building in stone or repairing masonry: rubble stonework may have been executed without ... This work investigates the accuracy of this modeling method in predicting the response of rubble stone masonry walls in shear compression tests. Oct 15, 2024 ... Rubble masonry: This type of stone masonry involves using irregularly shaped stones of different sizes. We lay the stones without any shaping. The use of Rubble Masonry Concrete (RMC) for the construction of small to medium sized dams is becoming increasingly attractive within the African context. Aug 9, 2023 ... Rubble masonry uses irregularly shaped stones without any specific pattern, while ashlar masonry uses carefully cut and dressed stones laid in a ... 5. Lined or Constructed Channels · 1. dressed stone in mortar. 0.015. 0.017. 0.020 · 2. random stone in mortar. 0.017. 0.020. 0.024 · 3. cement rubble masonry, ... Jul 27, 2023 ... Rubble stone masonry uses undressed or roughly dressed stones of various sizes laid out with mortar that is not a uniform thickness.