What are the future perspectives on the role of market-based mechanisms in climate policy?

It turns out that Russia is a central player in the Kyoto Protocol. With the US out and Japan and the EU ratifying, the Protocol cannot enter into force ... Kyoto Protocol ... Photograph of United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,. Image: Photograph of United Nations ... Russian Duma ratifies Kyoto protocol ... Russia's State Duma ratified the Kyoto Protocol on Friday, 22 October 2004 after less than two hours of debate, bringing ... The Kyoto Protocol implemented the objective of the UNFCCC to reduce the onset of global warming by reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere to ... We show that U.S. withdrawal from the Kyoto Protocol can be rationalized under political economy considerations. The reason is that U.S. compliance costs ... The Protocol was adopted at the third session of the Conference of the Parties to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (“the ... The protocol limits the allowable terrestrial sources and sinks of carbon to strictly defined cases of “afforestation, reforestation and deforestation” It sets binding greenhouse gas emissions targets for countries that sign and ratify the agreement. The gases covered under the Protocol include carbon dioxide, ... The Kyoto Protocol went into effect in 2005, after it was ratified by Russia. The United States and Australia are the only major developed countries that ... The Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on. Climate Change (UNFCC)1 adopted in 1997 calls for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to be reduced ...