Can auxiliary variables be used in differential item functioning analysis?

Any dynamic variable that is computed from other variables at a given time. Auxiliaries are typically the most numerous variable type. An auxiliary variable has ... This article introduces a novel estimator known as the neutrosophic ratio-cum-product exponential estimator combining two auxiliary variables, specifically ... Feb 14, 2025 ... Abstract. We present a novel optimization algorithm, a relaxed vector auxiliary variable (RVAV), that satisfies an unconditional energy ... Analyzing People's Media Use Behaviors Using Mail Survey Method Zhang, Xiaoqun January 3, 2018 Case Studies of Research: Small & Medium Sized Enterprises Auxiliary variables are variables introduced into a model, either because it is difficult to express the constraints at all in terms of the existing variables, ... A new family of estimators is proposed for estimating the population mean with auxiliary information on the sample mean and the rank of the auxiliary variable. Auxiliary variable ... Auxiliary variables are used in model assisted surveys to guide the selection of the sample sites. (loosely from Lohr, p. 60-61). ... auxiliary variable for both voiced and unvoiced phonetic states, and therefore ignore the fact that pitch (frequency) information is meaningful only for ... Jul 22, 2020 ... Is there a way to introduce “auxiliary variables”, that will not be treated as proper variables but just as definitions? Jul 28, 2020 ... The RSS procedure using ranking on auxiliary variable for estimating the ratio-type estimators is described by Koyuncu (2015) as: k2 bivariate ...