How do the priorities of long-serving incumbents shape the issues that are considered?

Moreover, the economic models suggest that incumbents have a disincentive to invest in technological innovations that, if suc- cessfully commercialized, might ... A telephone company that provided local service when the Telecommunications Act of 1996 was passed. The Act loosened regulatory barriers. Dec 14, 2022 ... An incumbent supplier is a company that has been supplying a product or service to a customer for a period of time. The customer may be ... ... incumbent local exchange company in the same area or areas as the new certificate holder. (b) A basic local telecommunications service price of the incumbent ... House incumbents typically have little trouble holding onto their seats—as this chart shows ... U.S. House Reelection Rates, 1964-2024 ... 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100 ... ... incumbent judge; filing for election to more than 1 circuit judgeship; withdrawal; office designation. Sec. 424a. (1) In the primary and general election ... Jun 14, 2012 ... When incumbent administrations issue a significant “midnight” rule—meaning one issued by an outgoing administration after the Presidential ... The Incumbent View can be accessed by selecting the Position|Incumbent tabs or by clicking the EID next to the incumbent's name on the View Position Details ... ... incumbent board members? c. superintendents when an incumbent board member fails to be reelected? 2. What are the factors associated with board member ... This article brings these relevant literatures together to paint a more holistic picture of incumbent adaptation to technological change.