How are they related to the large-scale structure of the universe and its evolution?

Dec 12, 2022 ... ... affine function of p. Then γ(a) (resp., α(a)) can be identified as a ... Aggregation, determinacy, and informational efficiency for a class. ... affine function may have a nonzero value when the independent variables are ... informational assumptions, the equilibrium bids of common value ... Feb 7, 2023 ... The price of anarchy of affine congestion games with similar strategies. ... Informational incentives for congestion games. In 2017 55th ... Mar 18, 2011 ... When we see anomalies – and we see many – informational frictions aren't ... “Affine General Equilibrium Models.” Working paper, Duke University. Jul 20, 2017 ... The local entropy density, regarded as a function of local densities of conserved quantities, is doubly affine, in that the entropy function is ... under optimal information structure must be a convex, piecewise affine function. Finally, if we regard u as the “integral distribution function” of the ... is affine in π, and vδ(·) is weakly convex, this equality holds on a closed interval Ja(δ). Also, action 1 is myopically strictly optimal when π = 0. Since it ... equilibrium with affine strategies in either the private- or shared-information cases. Lemma 1 summarizes the results. Lemma 1. In the Quadratic-Normal model ... Optimal singular dividend control with capital injection and affine penalty payment at ruin. Probability in the Engineering and Informational Sciences, 37(2), ... In the 1980's, Amari and colleagues further introduced a new concept of dual-affine connections and got a new finding that the family of dual divergence. ( ...